Introduction to computer system

  What is Computer?

Computer is an electronic device which accepts the input data with the help of Input devices, read them in memory unit and process them with the help of central processing unit and finally process the output with the help of output devices under the directions of stored sequential set of instructions called "Program". It can be also defined as fast and accurate manipulating system which process the input data and finally produce the output. Sometimes COMPUTER word is used as a backronym for "Common Operating Machine Particularly Used for Technological and Educational Research"

Introduction to computer system: 1. What is Computer and how does it work

A computer is a programmable electrical device that receives raw data as input and processes it with a set of instructions (a programme) to create the result as output. It generates output only after executing mathematical and logical operations and can preserve the output for later use. It can handle both numerical and non-numerical calculations. The name "computer" is derived from the Latin word "computare," which meaning "to calculate."

Data (Input):

Input refers to the raw data entered into a computer through input devices. It is a collection of letters, numbers, graphics, and so on.

Process:

The operation of data in conjunction with the relevant command is known as the process. It is a completely internal computer system function.

Output:

The processed data provided by the computer after data processing is referred to as output. Output is sometimes referred to as Result. These result can be preserved in storage devices for subsequent use.

In simple words computer system works on the basic IPO model, where "I" stands for INPUT, "P" stands for  PROCESS and "O" stands for OUTPUT.

What are the components of a modern computer?

A computer is made up of four major parts: a CPU, a graphics processing unit (GPU), random access memory (RAM), and either a solid state drive (SSD) or a hard disc drive (HDD). All of these components are linked to a motherboard. The GPU and CPU are often found in the computer's chip-set. Memory (RAM) and storage (SSD/HDD) components are often easier to change or replace than the chip-set.

When was the first computer invented?

Charles Babbage, an English engineer, and Ada Lovelace, a mathematician, invented the first mechanical computer in the early nineteenth century. The Difference Engine was at the heart of the computer, and it was in charge of performing computations with several sets of numbers and outputting the results.

The Atanasoff-Berry Computer was the very first digital computer (ABC). The ABC was invented in 1942 by Iowa State University professor John Vincent Atanasoff and graduate student Cliff Berry. This computer utilized vacuum tubes to do binary computations and to execute Boolean logic. However, because the ABC lacked a CPU, it could not be programmed. Subsequent computer evolution introduced programming skills, RAM, transistors, microprocessors, and portability as essential features.

Introduction to computer system: 2. What is Computer and how does it work

What are the many sorts of computers?

Microcomputers, often known as personal computers,

Minicomputers

Mainframe computers

Supercomputers

Workstation computers

Servers